Razvoj antifašističkog pokreta u Dubrovniku i okolici od kapitulacije Italije do ulaska partizanskih jedinica u grad

master's thesis

• Title (english): The development of the anti-fascist movement in Dubrovnik and its surroundings from the capitulation of Italy to the entry of partisan units into the city
• Author: Marijo Thon
• Mentor: Ivo Goldstein (mentor)
• Committee member: Goran Hutinec (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Hrvoje Klasić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-09-29, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: HUMANISTIC SCIENCES; History; Croatian and World Modern and Contemporary History

Abstract

Dubrovačko područje bilo je od iznimne strateške važnosti za sve zaraćene strane koje
su na njemu obitavale tijekom Drugog svjetskog rata. Antifašistički pokret bio je znatno
razvijeniji u okolici Dubrovnika, nego li u samome gradu. Glavni razlozi njegovog sporijeg
razvoja te slabog utjecaja na stanovništvo mogu se pronaći u predratnoj političkoj situaciji i
kasnijoj koncentraciji neprijateljske vojke u Dubrovniku. Uslijed kapitulacije Italije ipak dolazi
do bitnijih promjena. Opće antifašističko raspoloženje među mladima u Dubrovniku rezultiralo
je zapljenom manje količine oružja te osnivanjem Dubrovačkog partizanskog odreda. Kroz
narednih godinu dana dubrovačka obala postaje moguća meta savezničkog iskrcavanja. Dok su
pridošle njemačke jedinice uspostavljale čvrstu desantnu obranu, novo krilo četničkog pokreta
koncentriralo je svoje jedinice u zaleđu s ciljem prodora prema Dubrovniku. J. B. Tito odlučio
je koncem ljeta 1944. godine preduhitriti britanske i četničke vojne planove te zauzeti područje
južne Dalmacije zajedno s Dubrovnikom. Time se ujedno nastojalo i onemogućiti njemačko
povlačenje iz Grčke preko južnodalmatinske obale. Nizom operacija na južnodalmatinskim
otocima te u južnoj i istočnoj Hercegovini od proljeća 1944. godine jedinice NOVJ-e dovode
Dubrovnik 16. listopada u operativno okruženje. Nakon dvodnevnih borbi uspješno je okončana
bitka za Dubrovnik. Uslijedio je daljnje uništenje njemačkih jedinica koje su se povlačile prema
Metkoviću i Mostaru te višemjesečno razdoblje odmazde nad zarobljenim vojnicima i civilnim
stanovništvom u Dubrovniku.

Abstract (english)

The Dubrovnik area was of exceptional strategic importance to all warring parties during World
War II. The anti-fascist movement was much more developed in the surroundings of Dubrovnik
than in the city itself. The main reasons for its slower development and weak influence on the
population can be found in the pre-war political situation and the subsequent concentration of
enemy forces in Dubrovnik. However, there were significant changes following Italy's
surrender. The general anti-fascist sentiment among the youth in Dubrovnik led to the seizure
of a small quantity of weapons and the establishment of the Dubrovnik Partisan Unit. Over the
next year, the Dubrovnik coast became a possible target for Allied landings. While incoming
German units established a strong coastal defense, a new wing of the Chetnik movement
concentrated its forces in the hinterland with the aim of advancing towards Dubrovnik. At the
end of the summer of 1944, J. B. Tito decided to preempt British and Chetnik military plans
and occupy the area of southern Dalmatia, including Dubrovnik. This also aimed to prevent the
German withdrawal from Greece via the southern Dalmatian coast. Through a series of
operations on the southern Dalmatian islands and in southern and eastern Herzegovina from the
spring of 1944, the units of the NOVJ (Yugoslav Partisans) brought Dubrovnik into an
operational encirclement on October 16. After two days of fighting, the Battle of Dubrovnik
was successfully concluded. This was followed by further destruction of retreating German
units towards Metković and Mostar, as well as a several-month period of reprisals against
captured soldiers and the civilian population in Dubrovnik.

• Keywords: Dubrovnik; kapitulacija Italije; Drugi svjetski rat; antifašizam
• Keywords (english): Dubrovnik; capitulation of Italy; World War II; antifascism
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:131:767434
• Study programme: Title: History; specializations in: Research, Teaching; Course: Research; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra povijesti (magistar/magistra povijesti)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-10-01 19:41:59