Međugorska ukazanja u kontekstu procesa (de)sekularizacije

master's thesis

• Title (english): Međugorje apparitions in the context of the (de)secularization process
• Author: Josip Režek
• Mentor: Martin Previšić (mentor)
• Mentor: Krešimir Žažar (komentor)
• Committee member: Martin Previšić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Krešimir Žažar (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivica Šute (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences; (Department of History); Zagreb
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences; (Department of Sociology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-04-26, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: HUMANISTIC SCIENCES; History; Croatian and World Modern and Contemporary History
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Sociology; Specific Sociologies

Abstract

Ovaj rad analizira razvoj međugorskih ukazanja i njihovu društvenu konstrukciju, i stavlja ga u kontekst procesa (de)sekularizacije u Hrvatskoj i svijetu. Objašnjavajući interakciju koju različite interesne skupine vode oko svetišta u Međugorju, osvjetljava se njegova uloga u društvenim, političkim i ideološkim promjenama njegove okoline. Osnovu rada predstavlja generalna teorija religijsko-sekularnog nadmetanja koja (de)sekularizacijske procese promatra kroz konflikt oko utjecaja konkretnih religijskih i sekularnih aktera, stoga je podijeljen na tri dijela koji ovaj konflikt analiziraju na makro-, mikro-, i mezorazini. Prvi dio rada tumači proces sekularizacije kao politički program pomoću Gramscijeve teorije hegemonije, i promatra odnos vlasti prema međugorskim ukazanjima te njegovu promjenu. U prvih deset godina međugorska ukazanja skupa s Katoličkom crkvom u sukobu su s dominantnom komunističkom ideologijom, nakon čega oni postaju sudionici nove ideološke hegemonije. Objašnjava se uloga Crkve i Međugorja kao okupljališta demokršćanske političke opozicije komunizmu i inicijativa za hrvatsku neovisnost. Drugi dio rada osvjetljava kako spoj ukazanja u Međugorju s pobožnostima karizmatske obnove dovodi do svakodnevnih i voljnih mističnih iskustava. Gospine poruke rezoniraju s pučkom religioznošću i karizmatskom obnovom, slaveći raširenost osobne karizme, a formuliraju postmoderan odnos s transcendentnim. Hodočasnici u Međugorju mnoštvom izbora su potaknuti na individualnu duhovnu ekspresiju, predstavljajući katoličku formu prisnih „slobodnih crkava“. Treći dio rada objašnjava odnos strukture Katoličke Crkve prema međugorskim vidjelicama i franjevcima, koji prikupljaju podršku za svoje priznanje trajnim propovijedanjem i povezivanjem s drugim ukazanjima. Suradnjom s pokretom Katoličke karizmatske obnove Međugorje uspostavlja franšize i veze za drugim svetištima te postaje najpopularnije svetište u mreži marijanskih kultova. Isprva ukazanja trpe žestoke napade lokalnog biskupa, ali rastuća popularnost dovodi ih pred službeno priznanje Crkve.

Abstract (english)

This thesis analyzes the development of Međugorje apparitions and their social construction, and puts them in the context of the (de)secularization process in Croatia and the world. Explaining the interaction that takes place about the Međugorje sanctuary between different interest groups, it sheds light on its role in the social, political and ideological changes of its environment. The thesis is based upon the general theory of religious-secular competition that views the (de)secularization processes as a conflict of specific religious and secular actors, and it is divided into three parts that analyze this conflict on the macro-, micro- and mesolevels. The first part interprets the secularization process as a political program through Gramsci's hegemony theory, and explicates the state relations with the Međugorje apparitions and their change. In the first ten years Međugorje apparitions and the Catholic church are in conflict with the dominant communist ideology, after which they become the participants of the new ideological hegemony. The role of the Church and Međugorje as meeting places for the christian democratic political opposition and movements for the independence of Croatia is examined. The second part illuminates how the connection of Međugorje apparitions with the charismatic renewal rituals leads to everyday and deliberate mystical experiences. Our Lady's messages resonate with popular religiosity and charismatic renewal, celebrating the pervasiveness of personal charisma, and they articulate a postmodern relationship with the trancendent. Međugorje pilgrims are through many choices stimulated into individual spiritual expression, representing the catholic form of affectionate „free churches“. The third part elucidates the relationship of the Catholic church towards the Međugorje seers and franciscans, who gather support for their recognition through continous preaching and connections with other apparitions. Cooperating with the Charismatic renewal movement Međugorje sets up franchises and connections with other sanctuaries and becomes the most popular one in the network of marian cults. Initially suffering fierce attacks by the local bishop, the growing popularity brings the apparitions towards the offical recognition of the Church.

• Keywords: Međugorje; ukazanja; sekularizacija; mreža; karizmatici
• Keywords (english): Međugorje; apparitions; secularization; network; charismatics
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:131:676375
• Study programme: Title: History; specializations in: Research, Teaching; Course: Teaching; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra edukacije povijesti (magistar/magistra edukacije povijesti)
• Study programme: Title: Sociology (double major); specializations in: Research, Teaching; Course: Research; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra sociologije (magistar/magistra sociologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-04-27 11:17:07