Pitanje povrata baštine na primjeru partenonskih skulptura

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): The Question of Heritage Returns : the Example of the Parthenon Sculptures
• Author: Marta Marochini
• Mentor: Goran Zlodi (mentor)
• Committee member: Željka Miklošević (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Helena Stublić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences; (Department of information and Communication sciences); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-07-08, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Information and Communication Sciences; Museology

Abstract

Pod utjecajem društvenih i političkih promjena u svijetu u drugoj polovici 20. stoljeća ispituje se veza između baštine, društva i identiteta. Kritički se preispituje razvoj muzeja u zapadnoj Europi uvjetovan kolonijalizmom te se javljaju zahtjevi za povratom (repatrijacijom ili restitucijom) baštine, koja je često bila neetički prikupljana, u mjesta u kojima je nastala. Muzejska zajednica na to odgovara donošenjem propisa i osnivanjem tijela čija je zadaća regulacija procesa povrata baštine. Jedan od najpoznatijih slučajeva zahtjeva za povratom je slučaj partenonskih skulptura (engl. Elgin Marbles, kasnije Parthenon Marbles) koje je Lord Elgin početkom 19. stoljeća prenesao iz Grčke u Veliku Britaniju pod okolnostima oko kojih se još uvijek vode rasprave. Tek 1980-ih godina iz Grčke počinju pristizati službeni zahtjevi za njihovim povratom, koje Britanski muzej, njihov trenutni „vlasnik,“ ne želi ispuniti. Britanski se muzej predstavlja kao univerzalni muzej čije kolekcije služe širenju znanja i tolerancije što dovodi u pitanje značenje baštine za identitet. Slučaj partenonskih skulptura nam otkriva političnost procesa povrata baštine, kao i ulogu društva i društvenih stavova u tim procesima. Moguća rješenja za muzeje bila bi uporaba suvremene tehnologije u izložbama i veći stupanj suradnje među muzejima na globalnoj razini.

Abstract (english)

Under the influence of social and political changes in the second half of the 20th century, the connection between heritage, the society, and identity is brought to question. The development of Western European museums during the 19th century which accompanied the colonialist expansion is critically examined, and requests for the return (repatriation or restitution) of unethically collected objects start to arrive from their places of origin. In turn, he museum community issues regulations and forms committees which would regulate repatriation processes. One of the most famous cases of requested heritage is that of the Parthenon Marbles (formerly the Elgin Marbles), which were brought to Great Britain under dubious circumstances in the early 19th century by Lord Elgin. The first official requests for their return start to arrive from Greece during the 1980s, but the British Museum, their current “owner,” refuses to comply with them. Presenting itself as a universal museum whose collections serve to spread knowledge and tolerance, the British Museum brings to question the connection between heritage and identity. The case of the Parthenon sculptures reveals the politics behind the processes of heritage repatriation, as well as the role the society plays in them. Possible solutions to the problem of repatriation would be the use of modern technology in museums, as well as a higher level of cooperation between museums.

• Keywords: repatrijacija; povrat baštine; baština i identitet; partenonske skulpture; Britanski muzej; univerzalni muzeji
• Keywords (english): repatriation; heritage returns; heritage and identity; the Parthenon Sculptures; the British Museum; universal museums
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:131:971627
• Study programme: Title: Information Sciences; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) informacijskih znanosti (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) informacijskih znanosti)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-07-13 13:40:12