Pitanje slobodne volje i moralne odgovornosti u kontekstu kaznenog prava

master's thesis

• Title (english): The Question of Free Will and Moral Responsibility in the Context of Criminal Law
• Author: Helena Duplić
• Mentor: Marko Kos (mentor)
• Committee member: Hrvoje Jurić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Matija Vigato (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences; (Department of Philosophy); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-09-22, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: HUMANISTIC SCIENCES; Philosophy; Philosophy of Law

Abstract

Ovaj rad istražuje pitanje slobodne volje i moralne odgovornosti u svjetlu suvremenih znanstvenih
otkrića iz genetike i neuroznanosti. Kroz četiri poglavlja, analiziramo kako biološki determinizam,
odnosno ideja da su ljudska ponašanja i odluke determinirani biološkim čimbenicima, može utjecati na
naše razumijevanje slobodne volje i moralne odgovornosti. U prvom poglavlju, istražujemo filozofske
i znanstvene teorije slobodne volje. Raspravljamo o različitim stajalištima o tome možemo li donositi
slobodne odluke ili smo podložni determinizmu, odnosno unaprijed određenim uzrocima. Također,
analiziramo utjecaj koncepata slobodne volje na moralnu odgovornost. Drugo poglavlje posvećeno je
genetskim analizama i neuroznanosti. Razmatramo genetski utjecaj na ljudsko ponašanje i odlučivanje
te povezanost neuronskih procesa s moralnim ponašanjem. Ova saznanja pružaju novu perspektivu na
pitanje postojanja slobodne volje i mogu izazvati promjene u pravnim postupcima i kaznenim
politikama. U trećem poglavlju, pregledavamo relevantne studije koje se bave utjecajem genetike i
neuroznanosti na slobodnu volju i moralnu odgovornost. Ove studije pružaju uvid u suvremene spoznaje
i razmišljanja u ovom polju i pokazuju kako znanstvena saznanja mogu biti korištena u pravnim
postupcima, posebno u kriminalnim suđenjima. Četvrto poglavlje donosi zaključnu refleksiju o važnosti
biološkog determinizma u razumijevanju ljudskog ponašanja i njegovog utjecaja na slobodnu volju i
moralnu odgovornost. Također, razmatramo prihvatljivost dokaza iz genetike i neuroznanosti u pravnim
postupcima i kaznenim procedurama. U zaključku, naglašavamo važnost etičkog pristupa u korištenju
znanstvenih metoda i dokaza u pravnim postupcima. Suvremena znanstvena saznanja postavljaju
izazove u određivanju odgovornosti i pravednosti u društvu, ali pažljiva primjena znanstvenih dokaza
ključna je za osiguranje poštovanja prava svih osoba u pravosudnom procesu.

Abstract (english)

This paper explores the issue of free will and moral responsibility in light of contemporary scientific discoveries from genetics and neuroscience. Through four chapters, we analyze how biological determinism, the idea that human behaviors and decisions are determined by biological factors, can influence our understanding of free will and moral responsibility. In the first chapter, we explore philosophical and scientific theories of free will. We discuss different perspectives on whether we can make free choices or are subject to determinism, i.e., predetermined causes. Additionally, we analyze the impact of free will concepts on moral responsibility. The second chapter is dedicated to genetic analyses and neuroscience. We examine the genetic influence on human behavior and decision-making and the correlation of neural processes with moral behavior. These findings shed new light on the question of free will's existence and may prompt changes in legal proceedings and penal policies. In the third chapter, we review relevant studies that deal with the impact of genetics and neuroscience on free will and moral responsibility. These studies provide insights into contemporary knowledge and considerations in this field and demonstrate how scientific findings can be used in legal proceedings, especially in criminal trials. The fourth chapter presents a concluding reflection on the significance of biological determinism in understanding human behavior and its influence on free will and moral responsibility. Furthermore, we discuss the acceptability of evidence from genetics and neuroscience in legal proceedings and penal procedures. In conclusion, we emphasize the importance of an ethical approach in using scientific methods and evidence in legal proceedings. Contemporary scientific knowledge poses challenges in determining responsibility and fairness in society, but careful application of scientific evidence is essential to ensure respect for the rights of all individuals in the judicial process.

• Keywords: slobodna volja; moralna odgovornost; biološki determinizam; genetika; neuroznanost; pravni postupci; etika
• Keywords (english): free will; moral responsibility; biological determinism; genetics; neuroscience; legal proceedings; ethics
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:131:304500
• Study programme: Title: Philosophy (double major); specializations in: Teaching, Research; Course: Research; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra filozofije (magistar/magistra filozofije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-09-26 11:29:30