Lower and Middle Palaeolithic stone toolmaking and language: a preliminary experimental archaeological and psycholinguistic study

Znanstveni rad - Sažetak

• Autor: Petar Gabrić https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2644-194X
• Autor: Marko Banda https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1348-5241
• Autor: Ivor Karavanić https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1452-8394
• Autor: Luka Bulian https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7581-2925
• Urednik: Ina Miloglav
• Autorova ustanova: Sveučilište u Zagrebu; Filozofski fakultet; (Odsjek za arheologiju)
• Autorova ustanova: Sveučilište u Zagrebu; Filozofski fakultet; (Odsjek za germanistiku)
• Autorova ustanova: Sveučilište u Zagrebu; Filozofski fakultet; (Odsjek za lingvistiku)
• Autorova ustanova: Sveučilište u Zagrebu; Fakultet strojarstva i brodogradnje; (Zavod za industrijsko inženjerstvo); (Katedra za sociologiju)
• Znanstveno / umjetničko područje, polje i grana: INTERDISCIPLINARNA PODRUČJA ZNANOSTI; Kognitivna znanost (prirodne, tehničke, biomedicina i zdravstvo, društvene i humanističke znanosti)
• Znanstveno / umjetničko područje, polje i grana: HUMANISTIČKE ZNANOSTI; Filologija; Opće jezikoslovlje (lingvistika)
• Znanstveno / umjetničko područje, polje i grana: DRUŠTVENE ZNANOSTI; Psihologija; Biološka psihologija
• Znanstveno / umjetničko područje, polje i grana: BIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO; Temeljne medicinske znanosti; Neuroznanost
• Znanstveno / umjetničko područje, polje i grana: HUMANISTIČKE ZNANOSTI; Arheologija; Prapovijesna arheologija

Sažetak (engleski)

Many authors suggest that there is a co-evolutionary relationship between Palaeolithic stone toolmaking and language. This assumption is, firstly, supported by experimental studies showing positive effects of verbal compared to non-verbal demonstration during stone toolmaking acquisition in present-day humans. Secondly, it is backed by neurophysiological studies which demonstrate that both toolmaking and language activate overlapping brain regions and that they exhibit similar hemodynamic lateralization patterns in present-day humans. These studies have mainly been focused on Oldowan flaking and Acheulean handaxe manufacture. Studies on the effects of the verbal and non-verbal transmission modes currently suggest that both Oldowan and Acheulean acquisition are facilitated by non-linguistic gestures rather than purely spoken language. Furthermore, neuroimaging studies have found that the prefrontal cortex, an area typically associated with executive functioning, and the temporal cortex are activated more during Acheulean compared to Oldowan tasks. We recruited twelve Croatian-speaking subjects with no prior experience in knapping. Subjects were taught the Oldowan chopper and Mousterian sidescraper manufacture in a verbal teaching and non-verbal basic teaching condition. Tool quality was assessed by measurements of various physical attributes and a subjective evaluation by two assessors on a 5-point scale. Subjects were also tested on a neuropsychological battery assessing visual attention, verbal working memory, visuospatial processing, planning, cognitive flexibility, general executive functioning and lexical-semantic processing. We hypothesize that there will be no significant differences between the verbal and non-verbal groups in the chopper manufacture task, and that the verbal group will perform significantly better compared to the non-verbal group in the sidescraper manufacture task. Additionally, we hypothesize that chopper manufacture will be significantly positively correlated only with the visual processing tasks, while sidescraper manufacture will also be significantly positively correlated with the prefrontal functioning tasks. The obtained results will be interpreted within the framework of current evolutionary and cognitive theories.

• Ključne riječi (engleski): Oldowan; Mousterian; language evolution; experimental archaeology
• Jezik: engleski
• Vrsta publikacije: Znanstveni rad - Sažetak
• Status objave: Objavljen
• Vrsta recenzije: Nije recenziran
• Verzija publikacije: Objavljena verzija rada (izdavačev PDF)
• Naslov zbornika: 6th International Scientific Conference "Methodology and Archaeometry"
• Brojčani podaci: str. 49, 43
• BPC: 0 HRK
• ISBN: 978-953-175-745-4 (978-953-6335-14-5)
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:131:673214
• Datum objave publikacije: 2018-11
• Skup: Naziv: 6th International Scientific Conference "Methodology and Archaeometry"; Kratica: MetArh; Lokacija: Zagreb, Hrvatska; Organizator: Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the University of Zagreb; Datum početka: 2018-12-06; Datum završetka: 2018-12-07; Vrsta izlaganja: Predavanje
• URL dokumenta: http://www.ffzg.unizg.hr/metarh/download/BookofAbstracts2018.pdf
• Vrsta resursa: Tekst
• Izdavač: Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the University of Zagreb
• Izdavač: Croatian Archaeological Society
• Mjesto izdavanja: Zagreb, Hrvatska
• Prava pristupa: Otvoreni pristup
• Datum i vrijeme pohrane: 2020-07-09 11:19:16