| Abstract | Ovaj rad bavi se arhitekturom Arheološkog muzeja u Splitu. Muzej kao ustanova osnovan je 1820. godine. Zahvaljujući lobiranju don Frane Bulića austrijski car Franjo Josip odobrio je gradnju zgrade muzeja 1891. godine. Arhitekti Friedrich Ohmann i August Kirstein projektirali su splitski Arheološki muzej 1907. godine, te su sukladno razvoju muzeologije projektirali prostorije potrebne za muzeološki rad i popratne sadržaje. Istraživanje se temelji na originalnim nacrtima, člancima u tadašnjem dnevnom tisku, relevantnoj stručnoj literaturi, te obilascima muzeja. Rezultati istraživanja omogućuju uvid u tijek gradnje, ali i recepciju zainteresirane, kao i stručne javnosti, te donose analizu građevine. |
| Abstract (english) | Dalmatian cities in the 19th century began to resemble Central European cities as a result of involvement in political, economic and cultural processes within Austro-Hungarian Empire. The city of Split is gradually modifying its traditional identity into an international, i.e. Central European, identity. In that period in Austro-Hungarian Empire, the work of state institutions was the mechanism through which numerous projects were realized. One of these projects is the building of the Archaeological Museum in Split, designed by architects Friedrich Ohmann and August Kirstein. The Archaeological Museum Split as an institution was founded in 1820, and thanks to the lobbying of Frane Bulić, the Austrian Emperor Franz Joseph approved the construction of the building in 1891. Construction, however, did not go according to plan: only one hundred and two years after the foundation of the Archaeological Museum Split, the museum building was finally opened to visitors in 1922.
The museum was designed in 1907 by architects Ohmann and Kirstein. The museum building is a monumental free-standing building designed in the style of the Italian Renaissance with elements of historicist residential architecture of the time; but taking into account the prevailing stylistic characteristics of contemporary museum architecture, one can notice a somewhat more closed moulding of the pulp, especially in the context of the region ambient. The building itself basically represents a traditional solution; a one-story (ground floor and first floor) free-standing building surrounded by a porch that closes to the city with a simple wall, and opens up to the garden with sumptuous arcades. However, if the museum building were to be classified only as historicist or neo-Renaissance, the expressive look and uniqueness of the architectural project would be negated. Namely, in addition to traditional elements, some more recent tendencies are also visible. Architects Ohmann and Kirstein also studied in the classes of Friedrich von Schmidt; quality knowledge of historical styles provided a foundation for further architectural work and profiling.
At the time of the construction of the Archaeological Museum in Split, museology as a scientific discipline was in its proto-scientific phase, and the architects were anticipating museological needs. The floor plan of the museum shows how they designed the rooms necessary for museological work (exhibition halls, depots, a dark room for photographers, the museum assistant's office, library, archives, etc.) and accompanying facilities (guard's apartment, tavern, director's apartment, etc.), but it is also a fact that they failed to design rooms for some other museum services (restoration workshops, drawing rooms, office space for curators). |
