Metode procjene populacijske pripadnosti

master's thesis

• Title (english): Methods of the ancestry estimation
• Author: Sara Fabijanić
• Mentor: Zdravka Hincak (mentor)
• Committee member: Darko Polšek (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Damir Mihelić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zdravka Hincak (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences; (Department of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-02-28, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: HUMANISTIC SCIENCES; Ethnology and Anthropology; Anthropology

Abstract

Temeljna funkcija forenzičke antropologije je utvrđivanje identiteta ljudskih koštanih ostataka nepoznatog podrijetla, što podrazumijeva procjenu dobi, određivanje spola, visine i populacijske pripadnosti, kao i dokumentaciju ante, peri i postmortem trauma te patoloških promjena. Procjena populacijske pripadnosti smatra se jednim od najzahtjevnijih aspekata biološkog profila, u prvom redu zbog kompleksne veze između skeletne morfologije i društvenih konstukata. Metode koje se danas koriste u procjeni etničke pripadnosti oslanjaju se na vezu između skeletne morfologije, geografskog podrijetla i društvene “rase“ pojedinca. Premda postoje opravdani razlozi za prestanak upotrebe određenih zastarjelih metoda u procjeni etničke pripadnosti, pojedini ih istraživači koriste i dalje. Pokušaj da se poboljša metodologija unutar koje se analiziraju podaci zahtijeva validaciju i ponovnu procjenu svake dostupne metode uz razvoj novih pristupa koji koriste moderna tehnološka dostignuća. Danas je dostupan niz računalnih programa dizajniranih za pomoć u procjeni etničke pripadnosti. Budućnost procjene populacijske pripadnosti trebala bi se usmjeriti na napuštanje upotrebe Hootonovog Harvardskog popisa, odbijanje klasifikacije u samo tri moguće grupe (u slučaju SAD-a), uspostavljanje većih i reprezentativnijih referentnih uzoraka, validaciju upotrebe kombiniranih metoda umjesto samo jedne te razvoj novih statističkih pristupa uz ažuriranje trenutnih statističkih alata.

Abstract (english)

The fundamental function of forensic anthropology is to establish the identity of unidentified skeletal remains of unknown origin, which includes the estimation of age, assessment of sex, height, and ancestry, as well as the documentation of ante, peri and postmortem trauma and pathological changes. Ancestry assessment is considered one of the most demanding aspects of biological profiling, primarily due to the complex relationship between skeletal morphology and social constructs. The methods used today to assess ancestry rely on the link between skeletal morphology, geographic origin and the social "race" of the individual. Although there are legitimate reasons for discontinuing the use of certain outdated methods in the assessment of ancestry, some researchers continue to use them. Attempt to improve the methodology within which the data is analyzed requires validation and re-evaluation of each available method while developing new approaches that use modern technological advances. A number of computer programs are available today, and are designed to assist in the assessment of ancestry. The future of ancestry assessment should focus on abandoning the use of Hooton's Harvard list, rejecting classification into only three possible groups (in the case of the USA), establishing larger and older representative reference samples, validating the use of combined methods instead of just one, and developing new statistical approaches, and updating current statistical tools.

• Keywords: etnička pripadnost; “rasa”; morfološke karakteristike; nemetričke karakteristike; kraniometrija; Fordisc; MMS
• Keywords (english): ancestry assessment; “race”; metric traits; non-metric traits; craniometry; Fordisc; MMS
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:131:233063
• Study programme: Title: Anthropology (double major); Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra antropologije (magistar/magistra antropologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-03-05 09:00:31