Od Ratio Studiorum do Ratio Educationis: Transformacija obrazovnog sustava u Hrvatskoj u ranom novom vijeku

master's thesis

• Title (english): From Ratio studiorum to Ratio educationis: Transformation of the education system in Croatia during the Early Modern Period
• Author: Paula Šuštić
• Mentor: Zrinka Blažević (mentor)
• Committee member: Nataša Štefanec (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Snježana Koren (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences; (Department of History); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-02-16, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: HUMANISTIC SCIENCES; History; Early Croatian and World History

Abstract

Obrazovni sustav u Hrvatskoj razvijao se i mijenjao još od najstarijih vremena pa sve do danas, međutim tijekom ranog novog vijeka doživio je specifičnu promjenu. Razdoblje ranog novog vijeka specifično je iz razloga što su se u tom razdoblju na hrvatskom tlu primjenjivala dva različita pedagoška dokumenta, Ratio Studiorum i Ratio Educationis. Još od najstarijih vremena veliku ulogu u obrazovanju imala je Crkva, odnosno njezini redovi koji su otvarali svoje škole i u njima obrazovali. Najviše se u tome istakao red isusovaca, koji su donijeli dokument Ratio Studiorum te na temelju tog dokumenta otvarali škole i na području Hrvatske. Dokument je djelo sa specifičnim tijekom nastanka, sastavljeno od vještih ruku, odnosno velikog tima akademika isusovačke škole u Rimu, a sadrži niz pravila vezana uz školstvo i obrazovanje. Uz Crkvu, veliku ulogu u obrazovanju tijekom ranog novog vijeka, točnije u XVIII. stoljeću imala je država, odnosno Marija Terezija. S obzirom na to da je školstvo bilo u rukama Crkve, odnosno crkvenih redova, Marija Terezija odlučila je u tom obrazovnom sustavu unijeti promjene. Tako je pod utjecajem prosvjetiteljstva 1774. godine donijela dokument pod nazivom Opći školski red, kojim je podijelila škole i donijela niz pravila vezana uz njih. Već 1777. godine donosi dokument Ratio Educationis kojim proširuje već donesene odredbe i reformira upravu škole. Njime se u Hrvatskoj po prvi puta detaljno regulira obrazovni sustav. Nakon smrti Marije Terezije reformu školstva nastavljaju njezini nasljednici, točnije njezin sin Josip II. Ugarska 1806. godine donosi novu Naredbu pod nazivom Ratio Educationis koja popunjava praznine prethodnog Ratio Educationisa.

Abstract (english)

The education system in Croatia has been developing and changing since the earliest times until today, but during the Earyle Modern Period it experienced the specific change. The period of the Early Modern Period is specific beacause in that period two different pedagogical documents were implemented on Croatian soil, Ratio Studiorum and Ratio Educationis. From the earliest times, The Church has played a major role in education, ie the Church Orders who opened their schools and educated in them. The Jesuit were the most prominent in education system, they founded Ratio Studiorum and based on that document opened schools in Croatia. The Ratio Studiorum is a work with specific course of creations, composed by skilled hands, ie a large team of academics at Jesuit school in Rome, and it contains a number of rules related to education system. Along with the Church, a major rule in education sytem during the Early Modern Period, more precisely in the 18th century, had the state, ie Maria Theresa. Maria Theresa decides to make changes to the existing school system. Therefore, in 1774, she makes a document calles General School Order, which divided the schools and enacted rules related to them. In 1777 she makes a new document Ratio Educationis which expanded the already adopted document and reformed the school administration. For the first time, this document regulates the education system in detail in Croatia. After the death of Maria Theresa the reform of educations was continued by her successors, ie her son Joseph II. In 1806, Hungary issued a new order called Ratio Educationis, which filled the gaps in the previous Ratio Educationis.

• Keywords: Ključne riječi: obrazovani sustav; škole u ranom novom vijeku; Hrvatska; Ratio Studiorum; Opći školski red; Ratio Educationis.
• Keywords (english): Keywords: The Education system; schools in The Early Modern Period; Croatia; Ratio Studiorum; General School Order; Ratio Educationis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:131:255376
• Study programme: Title: History; specializations in: Research, Teaching; Course: Teaching; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra edukacije povijesti (magistar/magistra edukacije povijesti)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2022-03-02 13:19:17