Rasprava Johna Lockea i Gottfrieda Wilhelma Leibniza o urođenim idejama

master's thesis

• Title (english): A discussion on innate ideas by John Locke and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
• Author: Zrinka Bulić
• Mentor: Ljudevit Fran Ježić (mentor)
• Committee member: Marko Tokić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Goran Sunajko (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences; (Department of Philosophy); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: HUMANISTIC SCIENCES; Philosophy; Theory of Knowledge

Abstract

Svrha je ovog diplomskog rada prikazati raspravu o urođenim idejama u filozofijama Johna Lockea i G. W. Leibniza, kao i istaći glavne pretpostavke za tu raspravu u povijesti filozofije. U prvom dijelu iznosi se Descartesova podjela ideja na urođene, pridošle i one koje sam čovjek proizvodi. U drugom i trećem dijelu, koji su zapravo središnji dijelovi rada, iznose se stajališta Lockea i Leibniza. Locke nastoji opovrgnuti argumente kojima se tvrdi da urođene ideje postoje i pokazati da je ljudski... More um opremljen dovoljnim spoznajnim aparatom da putem osjetila sakupi svu potrebnu spoznaju. Leibniz se nadovezuje na Lockea i ne opovrgava nužno sve njegove stavove već ih na neki način proširuje proširujući pojam urođenih ideja, koje Locke preuzima od Descartesa, u urođene principe koji se latentno nalaze u čovjekovu umu a koji se često otkrivaju putem refleksije prigodom iskustva. U završnom dijelu rada iznosi se Kantova kritika i sinteza ovih stajališta. Kant se odmiče od pojma urođenih ideja kao prethodno opisanih i tvrdi da postoje čisti pojmovi razuma a priori koji nisu izvor cjelokupne ljudske spoznaje, ali koji omogućuju iskustvenu spoznaju. Za kraj rada ukratko je navedena teorija Noama Chomskog o prirodnoj zadanosti jezika kao nastavak ove rasprave koja nije bila u tolikom središtu filozofske misli nakon Kanta. Less

Abstract (english)

The aim of this master thesis is to present the discussion on innate ideas in the philosophies of John Locke and G. W. Leibniz and to point out the main preconditions of this discussion in the history of philosophy. The first part presents Descartes' division of ideas into innate, adventitious and those produced by man himself. In the second and third parts, which are in fact the central parts of the work, the views of Locke and Leibniz are presented. Locke seeks to refute the arguments that... More innate ideas exist and to show that the human mind is equipped with a sufficient cognitive apparatus to gather all the necessary knowledge through the senses. Leibniz builds on Locke and does not necessarily refute all his views, but in a way expands them by expanding the notion of innate ideas, which Locke takes from Descartes, into innate principles that are latent in man’s mind and are often revealed through reflection occasioned by experiences. The final part of the paper presents Kant's critique and synthesis of these views. Kant departs from the notion of innate ideas as previously described and argues that there are pure notions of reason a priori which are not the source of all human cognition, but which enable experiential cognition. At the end of the thesis, Noam Chomsky's theory of the natural givenness of language is briefly noted as a continuation of this discussion, which was not so central to philosophical thought after Kant. Less

• Keywords: urođene ideje; René Descartes; John Locke; Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
• Keywords (english): innate ideas; René Descartes; John Locke; Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:131:678379
• Study programme: Title: Philosophy (single major); specializations in: Research; Course: Research; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra filozofije (magistar/magistra filozofije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-10-01 20:19:48