Upale koštanog tkiva kao pokazatelj zdravstvenog statusa

master's thesis

• Title: Upale koštanog tkiva kao pokazatelj zdravstvenog statusa : medicinski i bioarheološki pristup
• Title (english): Bone tissue inflammation as an indicator of the health status : medical and bioarchaeological approach
• Author: Karla Macan
• Mentor: Zdravka Hincak (mentor)
• Committee member: Tanja Bukovčan (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Darko Polšek (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zdravka Hincak (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences; (Department of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-09-25, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: HUMANISTIC SCIENCES; Ethnology and Anthropology; Anthropology

Abstract

Zdravstveni status pojedinaca i populacija jedan je od temeljnih predmeta bioarheoloških i suvremenih medicinskih istraživanja. Analizom prisutnosti upalnih procesa i oštećenja na kostima moguće je donositi zaključke o zdravstvenoj slici, načinu, kvaliteti i duljini života promatranih individua te širenju bolesti među skupinama ljudi. Upale koštanog tkiva obilježene su višestrukom etiologijom. Većinom su posljedica infekcije bakterijskog, virusnog, gljivičnog ili parazitskog podrijetla, no njihovi uzroci mogu biti i fiziološke prirode, kao što je proces rasta kod djece. Upale se također pojavljuju kao posljedica ponavljanog tjelesnog napora kod odraslih osoba, a za proučavanje zdravstvenog statusa osobito je važna činjenica da se takve upale vrlo često javljaju sekundarno u odnosu na primarnu bolest ili patološko stanje. Tuberkuloza, lepra, bruceloza, sifilis i malarija samo su neke od bolesti koje uzrokuju upalne procese na koštanome tkivu. U najširem se smislu pojavljuju u obliku osteomijelitisa koji zahvaća cijelu strukturu kosti i tragova periostitisa koji se javljaju na pokosnici. Upravo zbog mnogostrukih načina njihova nastajanja i širenja, u bioarheološkim i medicinskim istraživanjima koriste se makromorfološka, mikromorfološka, mikrobiološka i radiološka metoda analize kako bi se otkrilo podrijetlo upale. Najveća se razlika u navedena dva pristupa očituje u tome što su u suvremenim medicinskim istraživanjima dostupni svi elementi kliničke slike pacijenata, dok se bioarheološke studije temelje isključivo na koštanim uzorcima. Iz tog razloga metode koje se koriste u medicini često nisu primjenjive u arheološkim istraživanjima, što je izvor razlika u zaključivanju o zdravstvenom statusu u bioarheološkoj i medicinskoj domeni.

Abstract (english)

The health status of individuals and populations is one of the most fundamental subjects of bioarchaeological and medical research. By analizing the presence of bone tissue inflammation and bone damage, it is possible to form conclusions concernig individual health status, quality and length of life, as well as the spread of diseases among groups of people. Bone tissue inflammations are marked by multiple etiologies. In most cases, bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic infections are the cause of inflammation. However, the source of inflammation can also be of physiological origin, which is evident in the growth process in children. Inflammation also occures as a result of repeated physical activity in adults. Moreover, the fact that bone inflammation very often occurs as a secondary phenomenon due to primary diease or pathological condition is particulary important for studyng the health status. Tuberculosis, leprosy, brucellosis, syphilis and malaria are only a few of the diseases that cause inflammatory processes in the bone tissue. In the broad sense, inflammation apperas in the form of osteomyelitis which affects every layer of the bone, and traces of periostitis which are manifested on the surface of the bone. Precisely because of the complex etiologies of their formation and spreading, scientific reasearchers use macromorphological, micromorphological, microbiological and radiological methods of analysis to identify the origins of inflammation. The most significant difference between the two scientific approaches is the fact that in the modern medical reasearch all elements of the clinical picture are present, while bioarchaeological studies are based entirely on bone samples. For this reason, the methods used in medical reasearch are often not applicable in archaeological studies. This fact is the source of differences in conclusions about the health status between the two approaches.

• Keywords: osteomijelitis; periostitis; bioarheologija; zdravstveni status; medicinska istraživanja; upale koštanog tkiva
• Keywords (english): osteomyelitis; periostitis; bioarchaeology; health status; medical research; bone tissu inflammation
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:131:764251
• Study programme: Title: Anthropology (double major); Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra antropologije (magistar/magistra antropologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-10-02 09:34:12