Poveznica između Hanne Arendt i Georgea Orwella: Teorija moći i fenomen totalitarizma

master's thesis

• Title (english): Link between Hannah Arendt and George Orwell: Theory of power and totalitarianism as a phenomenon
• Author: Lucija Radošević
• Mentor: Boško Pešić (mentor)
• Committee member: Goran Kardaš (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Luka Perušić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences; (Department of Philosophy); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-09-20, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: HUMANISTIC SCIENCES; Philosophy; Political Philosophy

Abstract

Cilj je ovoga diplomskog rada ukazati na poveznice između suvremene filozofsko-političke teoretičarke Hannah Arendt i pisca Georgea Orwella na primjerima Životinjske Farme i 1984. Totalitarizam kao pojam je ambivalentan te ga je teško za definirati. Kategoriju totalitarizma Hannah Arendt primjenjuje na njemački nacionalsocijalizam i staljinistički boljševizam. Pri tome će se u prvom dijelu dati teorijski okvir pojma totalitarizma i njegovog fenomena na primjeru djela 1984. 1984 prikazuje život Winstona Smitha kojim upravlja totalitarni sistem Velikog brata. Ideologija sistema same Partije prožeta je jezičnom kontrolom. U tom će se pogledu istražit posljedica psihološkog rata na izoliranog čovjeka iz mase. Za razliku od Max Webera koji pojam moći definira kao mogućnost prisile, Hannah Arendt u filozofski diskurs uvodi koncept političko-komunikacijske baze djelovanja. Taj teorijski okvir pomoći će objasniti djelovanje životinja u satiričnoj bajci Životinjska farma koja je napisana kao parodija ideala sovjetskog režima, čiju deziluziju Orwell postiže književnim sredstvima poput naglašene satire i konstantne negacije rečenog. Sami kraj knjige obilježen je razočaranjem, jer su životinje brzo postale poput svojih neprijatelja protiv kojih su se prvotno borile. Za kraj ovog rada nastojat će se objasniti uzroci nastanka same pobune na farmi, koja prema Arendt nastaje nestankom moći i navesti temelj totalitarnih pokreta, teror.

Abstract (english)

The aim of this master thesis is to point out the links between the contemporary philosophical and political theorist Hannah Arendt and the writer George Orwell using the examples of Animal Farm and 1984. Totalitarianism as a term is ambivalent and difficult to define. Hannah Arendt applies the category of totalitarianism to German National Socialism and Stalinist Bolshevism. In the first part, the theoretical framework of the concept of totalitarianism and its phenomenon will be given using the example of the work 1984. 1984 shows the life of Winston Smith, who is governed by the totalitarian system of Big Brother. The ideology of the Party system itself is imbued with language control. In this regard, the consequences of psychological warfare on an isolated man from the crowd will be investigated. Unlike Max Weber, who defines the concept of power as the possibility of coercion, Hannah Arendt introduces the concept of the political-communicative basis of action into the philosophical discourse. This theoretical framework will help explain the actions of animals in the satirical fairy tale Animal Farm, which was written as a parody of the ideals of the Soviet regime, the disillusionment of which Orwell achieves through literary means such as emphatic satire and constant negation of what has been said. The very end of the book is marked by disillusionment, as the animals quickly become like the enemies they originally fought against. At the end of this thesis, an attempt will be made to explain the causes of the rebellion on the farm itself, which according to Arendt arises from the disappearance of power, and to state the basis of totalitarian movements, terror.

• Keywords: totalitarizam; revolucija; moć; masa; Hannah Arendt; George Orwell; bajka
• Keywords (english): totalitarianism; rebellion; power; masses; Hannah Arendt; George Orwell; fairytale
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:131:125614
• Study programme: Title: Philosophy (double major); specializations in: Teaching, Research; Course: Research; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra filozofije (magistar/magistra filozofije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2024-09-27 14:54:47