| Abstract | Iranski vladar Muhamed Reza Pahlavi je 1963. pokrenuo Bijelu revoluciju kako bi pozapadnio i modernizirao Iran. Reformama su se protivili klerici predvođeni ajatolahom Homeinijem koji je zbog svojih stavova protjeran iz zemlje. On je bio istaknuti profesor na teološkom fakultetu u Komu i jedan od vodećih stručnjaka islamskog prava i misticizma u Iranu. Zbog teške financijske situacije u Iranu i narodnog nezadovoljstva upravljanjem države Muhamed Reze Pahlavija, došlo je u siječnju 1978. do narodne revolucije. Revolucija je trajala sve do veljače 1979. kada se iz egzila vratio vođa revolucije Homeini. Poslije revolucije su održani izbori za Vijeće stručnjaka, Medžlis i predsjednika države. Pobjednici svih izbora su bili homeinisti, odnosno političari iz Islamske republikanske stranke i ostali političari koji su bili sljedbenici Homeinija kao što je bio predsjednik Bani Sadr. Homeinisti su u Vijeću stručnjaka napisali ustav, a preko Medžlisa su zagospodarili zakonodavnim tijelom u Iranu. U studenom 1979. je studentska grupa „Studenti sljedbenici Homenija“ nezadovoljna politikom SAD-a primanja šaha u svoju državu kamo je on otišao u egzil, upala u veleposlanstvo SAD-a u Teheranu, 4. studenog 1979. i otela šezdeset i šest američkih diplomata. Uslijedila je talačka kriza koja je trajala četiri stotine četrdeset i četiri dana. Tijekom krize prekinuti su diplomatski odnosi između SAD-a i Irana, a uslijedile su i sankcije SAD-a Iranu. Kriza je završila 20. siječnja 1981. kada su taoci pušteni u zamjenu za iranski novac koji je bio zamrznut u američkim bankama. Meritum rada je na jugoslavenskim novinskim izvještajima o talačkoj krizi u Iranu i stvaranju novog političkog poretka u Iranu iz pogleda dva novinska lista, Borbe i Vjesnika. Za izradu rada su korištene najpoznatije teme talačke krize i stanja u Iranu o kojima su Borba i Vjesnik izvještavali od 4. studenog 1979. do 20. siječnja 1981. |
| Abstract (english) | The Iranian ruler Mohammad Reza Pahlavi launched the White Revolution in 1963 to westernize and modernize Iran. The reforms were opposed by clerics led by Ayatollah Khomeini, who was exiled from the country due to his views. He was a prominent professor at the theological faculty in Qom and one of the leading experts in Islamic law and mysticism in Iran. Due to the severe financial situation in Iran and public dissatisfaction with Mohammad Reza Pahlavi's governance, a popular revolution broke out in January 1978. The revolution lasted until February 1979 when the leader of the revolution, Khomeini, returned from exile. After the revolution, elections were held for the Assembly of Experts, the Majlis, and the presidency. The winners of all the elections were Khomeinists, i.e., politicians from the Islamic Republican Party and other politicians who were followers of Khomeini, such as President Bani Sadr. The Khomeinists wrote a constitution in the Assembly of Experts, and through the Majlis, they took control of the legislative body in Iran. In November 1979, a student group called "Students Following the Line of the Imam," dissatisfied with the U.S. policy of accepting the Shah into their country where he went into exile, stormed the U.S. embassy in Tehran on November 4, 1979, and took sixty-six American diplomats hostage. This led to a hostage crisis that lasted for four hundred and forty-four days. During the crisis, diplomatic relations between the U.S. and Iran were severed, and U.S. sanctions against Iran followed. The crisis ended on January 20, 1981, when the hostages were released in exchange for Iranian money that had been frozen in American banks. The focus of this work is on Yugoslav newspaper reports about the hostage crisis in Iran and the creation of a new political order in Iran from the perspective of two newspapers, Borba and Vjesnik. The most well-known topics of the hostage crisis and the state of affairs in Iran reported by Borba and Vjesnik from November 4, 1979, to January 20, 1981, were used for this work. |
