Uloga različitih (neuro)kognitivnih čimbenika u objašnjenju znanstvenog rezoniranja

master's thesis

• Title (english): The role of different (neuro)cognitive factors in explaining scientific reasoning
• Author: Lara Andrić
• Mentor: Ivana Hromatko (mentor)
• Committee member: Denis Bratko (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasmina Mehulić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences; (Department of Psychology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-05-31, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Psychology; General Psychology

Abstract

Istraživanje različitih aspekata i manifestacija racionalnosti kompleksno je istraživačko usmjerenje koje zahtijeva balansiranje apstraktnih pojmova u području i kreativnih načina njihovih operacionalizacija. Znanstveno rezoniranje podzastupljeno je područje istraživanja te zahtijeva daljnja ispitivanja fenomena. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati ulogu različitih (neuro)kognitivnih čimbenika u objašnjenju znanstvenog rezoniranja, te dodatno razjasniti konceptualni odnos kognitivne refleksivnosti i izvršnih funkcija. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 155 sudionika koji su rješavali zadatke znanstvenog rezoniranja, kognitivne refleksivnosti, radnog pamćenja, inhibicije i kognitivne fleksibilnosti te ispunjavali upitničke mjere potrebe za kognicijom i povjerenja u intuiciju. Provedena je kompletna multipla regresijska analiza i testirana su tri jednostavna medijacijska modela. Korištena prediktorska baterija pokazala se statistički značajnom u predviđanju varijance znanstvenog rezoniranja, a na razini samostalnih doprinosa jedino su kognitivna refleksivnost i kognitivna fleksibilnost postigle statističku značajnost. Radno pamćenje i kognitivna fleksibilnost (ali ne i inhibicija) pokazali su se značajnim djelomičnim medijatorima u odnosu kognitivne refleksivnosti i znanstvenog rezoniranja. Dobiveni nalazi upućuju na važnu ulogu (neuro)kognicije u znanstvenom rezoniranju. Potrebno je nastaviti graditi teorijsku osnovu za istraživanje ovog fenomena, i uz to posvetiti pažnju kreiranju kvalitetnih intervencija s ciljem podizanja razine znanstvenog rezoniranja u obrazovnom i širem društvenom području.

Abstract (english)

Researching various aspects and manifestations of rationality is a complex research direction that requires balancing abstract concepts in the field and creative ways of operationalizing them. Scientific reasoning is an underrepresented area of research and requires further investigation of phenomena. The aim of this research was to examine the role of different (neuro)cognitive factors in explaining scientific reasoning and further clarify the conceptual relationship between cognitive reflection and executive functions. The study involved 155 participants who completed tasks of scientific reasoning, cognitive reflection, working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility, as well as questionnaire measures of the need for cognition and faith in intuition. A complete multiple regression analysis was conducted, and three simple mediation models were tested. The predictor battery proved to be statistically significant in explaining the variance of scientific reasoning. At the level of individual contributions, only cognitive reflection and cognitive flexibility achieved statistical significance. Working memory and cognitive flexibility (but not inhibition) were found to be significant partial mediators in the relationship between cognitive reflection and scientific reasoning. The findings suggest that (neuro)cognition is an important aspect of scientific reasoning, warranting continued building of theoretical foundations for researching this phenomenon, and attention to creating quality interventions aimed at enhancing scientific reasoning, both in educational and broader social areas.

• Keywords: znanstveno rezoniranje; izvršne funkcije; kognitivna refleksivnost; kognitivni stilovi
• Keywords (english): scientific reasoning; executive functions; cognitive reflection; cognitive style
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:131:323552
• Study programme: Title: Psychology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra psihologije (magistar/magistra psihologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-06-03 21:20:00