Disfluentnosti u govoru starijih govornika

master's thesis

• Title (english): Speech disfluencies in older adults
• Author: Kristina Lajtman
• Mentor: Ana Vidović Zorić (mentor)
• Committee member: Elenmari Pletikos Olof (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marko Liker (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences; (Department of Phonetics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-09-21, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: HUMANISTIC SCIENCES; Philology; Phonetics

Abstract

Čovjek tijekom proizvodnje govora teži idealnom i fluentnom govornom produktu. No, tijekom procesa govorne proizvodnje dolazi do poteškoća na planu planiranja, obrade ili pak same izvedbe, koje se manifestiraju u obliku disfluentnosti. Svaki je govor barem malo disfluentan zbog čovjekove fiziološke, psihološke i društvene nesavršenosti. Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio analizirati spontani govor starijih govornika i odrediti broj disfluentnosti u obliku neutralnog fonema šva, produljenja vokala i umetanja poštapalica. Uz to, analiziralo se mjesto distribucije navedenih disfluentnosti u izričaju i to na početku izričaja i unutar izričaja. Primarno postavljena hipoteza pretpostavljala je veći broj disfluentnosti u spontanome govoru starijih govornika u obliku neutralnog fonema šva nego u obliku poštapalica. Druga se odnosila na to da će stariji govornici proizvoditi više disfluentnosti kada trebaju argumentirati stav ili u narativu o djetinjstvu nego u prepričavanju audiosnimke i opisivanju slike. Treća hipoteza pretpostavila je veći broj disfluentnosti kod muškaraca nego kod žena. Postavljena je i četvrta hipoteza koja je pretpostavljala da će na početku izričaja biti više disfluentnosti nego unutar izričaja. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 6 ispitanika, 3 muškog i 3 ženskog spola starijih od 65 godina. Analizirao se njihov govor i broj disfluentnosti, po temama, u vremenskom periodu od jedne minute. Rezultati analize pokazali su kako su stariji govornici u spontanome govoru proizveli više disfluentnosti u obliku neutralnog fonema šva nego poštapalica, da se najveći broj disfluentnosti bio u prepričavanju audioisječka, da su muškarci proizveli malo veći broj disfluentnosti od žena te da je unutar izričaja bilo više disfluentnosti nego na početku izričaja.

Abstract (english)

During speech production, humans strive for an ideal and fluent speech product. However, during the process of speech production, there are difficulties in terms of planning, processing or performance, which manifest in the form of disfluency. Every speech is at least a little disfluent because of human’s physiological, psychological and social imperfections. The aim of this study was to analyze the spontaneous speech of older speakers and to determine the number of disfluencies in the form of a neutral vowel schwa, vowel prolongations and the insertion of fillers. In addition, the place of distribution of the mentioned disfluencies in the utterance was analyzed, both at the beginning of the utterance and within the utterance. The first hypothesis assumed a greater number of disfluencies in the spontaneous speech of older speakers in the form of a neutral vowel than in the form of fillers. The second hypothesis concerned older speakers producing more disfluencies when it came to defending their opinions or in a childhood narrative than in retelling an audio recording and describing an image. The third hypothesis assumed a higher number of disfluencies in males than in females. A fourth hypothesis assumed that there would be more disfluencies within the utterance than at the beginning. The study involved 6 data subjects, 3 male and 3 female, over the age of 65. Their speech and the number of disfluencies were analyzed, by the topic, over a time period of one minute. The results of the analysis showed that older speakers in spontaneous speech produced more disfluencies in the form of a neutral vowel than fillers, that the greatest amount of disfluency was in retelling the audio recording, that man produced slightly more disfluency than women and that there was more disfluency within utterance than at the beginning of the utterance.

• Keywords: disfluentnost; neutralni vokal šva; produljenje vokala; poštapalice; spontani govor; stariji govornici
• Keywords (english): disfluency; neutral vowel schwa; vowel prolongation; fillers; spontaneous speech; older adults’ speakers
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:131:068515
• Study programme: Title: Phonetics (double major); specializations in: Clinical Phonetics, Rhetoric, General Phonetics, Rhetoric and General Phonetics; Course: Clinical Phonetics; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra edukacije fonetičar rehabilitator (magistar/magistra edukacije fonetičar rehabilitator)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-09-28 08:09:09