Globalni izazovi i „ljudi u pokretu“: multiplikacija i diverzifikacija uzročnika nedobrovoljnih migracija u suvremenom svijetu

Scientific paper - Original scientific paper

• Title (english): Global challenges and “people on the move”: multiplication and diversification of involuntary migration causes in the modern world
• Author: Drago Župarić-Iljić https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5654-4080
• Editor: Ivan Nađ
• Author's institution: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences; (Department of Sociology)
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Sociology; Specific Sociologies

Abstract (croatian)

U 2015. Europska unija suočena je s dolaskom velikog broja izbjeglica i migranata, što se često određuje terminom ‘humanitarne izbjegličke krize’, u čijem upravljanju sudjeluje i Hrvatska kroz sustav prihvata i organiziranog tranzita ljudi. Prvotna je reakcija europskih država na njihov masovni dolazak ukazala na nejedinstvenost politika i mjera upravljanja ovim izbjegličkim i migracijskim tokovima. No, sve je više očita potreba za zajedničkim djelovanjem u svrhu učinkovitog i sigurnog upravljanja tim tokovima nakon što je humanitarna dimenzija pojedinih država članica ustuknula pred politikama podizanja žica i ograda, što vodi daljnjem produbljivanju ove krize i destabilizaciji zajedničkih temelja EU baziranih na ideji o slobodi protoka roba, usluga, kapitala i ljudi. Međutim, između sigurnosne i humanitarne dimenzije izostaje rasprava o svim ostalim političkim, socijalnim, ekonomskim, kulturnim, demografskim i drugim čimbenicima koji utječu na neminovno mijenjanje socio-demografske i kulturne slike Europe te njenog odnosa spram novih useljenika koji dolaze u potrazi za sigurnim i/ili za boljim životom. Također, umjesto isključivog bavljenja posljedicama i simptomima navedenih procesa manje se pažnje posvećuje globalnim uzrocima tih tokova. Uz već poznate političke i ekonomske uzroke migracija i prisilnog raseljavanja u svijetu, koji obuhvaćaju rat i vojne konfl ikte, terorizam i progone, socoekonomsku deprivaciju, siromaštvo i besperspektivnost, danas je sve očitije kako i demografski razlozi prenapučenosti, a posebice promjene okoliša u širem smislu i klimatske promjene u užem, bivaju jednako važni, ako ne ponekad i važniji, uzroci tj. makropokretači migracija i bijega. U svjetlu teorističkih napada, očekivani svjetski samit o klimi u Parizu podsjeća na brojne globalne rizike i izazove koji se tiču pitanja sigurnosti, socijalne nejednakosti i okolišne pravde. Ovaj rad propituje opseg, značaj i karakteristike aktualnih geopolitičkih, ekonomskih i okolišnih fenomena koji djeluju kao potisni pokretački čimbenici raseljavanja te utječu na nastanak nedobrovoljnih migracija u svijetu, uz posebnu referencu na položaj i odgovore Hrvatske u tim procesima.

Abstract (english)

In 2015, EU is facing arrival of large numbers of refugees and migrants, which is defi ned as ‘humanitarian refugee
crisis’. Croatia has been participating in it by managing accomodation and organized transit for them. The initial
reaction of European countries indicated disunity of policies and measures to manage these refugees and migrants
fl ows. But there is a more obvious need for joint action for the purpose of effi cient and safe management of these
fl ows after humanitarian dimensions of particular Member States has given way to the politics of raising wires and
fences, leading to a further deepening of the crisis and destabilizing the common foundations of the EU based on the
idea of freedom fl ow of goods, services, capital and people. However, between security and humanitarian dimensions
a debate is missing on all other political, social, economic, cultural, demographic and other factors that will aff ect the
inevitably changing socio-demographic and cultural image of Europe and its relation to new immigrants who come
in search for safe and/or a better life. Also, instead of merely addressing the symptoms and consequences of these
processes less attention is given to globalcauses of these fl ows. In addition to the well-known political and economic
causes of migration and forced displacement in the world, that include war and military confl icts, terrorism and
persecution, socioeconomic deprivation, poverty and lack of prospects, it is increasingly obvious that overpopulation
and demographic reasons, and especially the changes in the environment in a broader sense and climate change in
the narrow, are equally important, if not sometimes more important causes i.e. macro-initiators of migration and exile.
In the aftermath of the terrorist attacks, the expected world climate summit in Paris reminds of many global risks and
challenges related to issues of security, social inequality and environmental justice. This article examines the scope,
importance and characteristics of the current geopolitical, economic and environmental phenomena that act as push
factors for driving displacement and infl uence the occurrence of involuntary migration in the world, with particular
reference to the position of Croatia and its answers to these processes.

• Keywords (croatian): humanitarna kriza; izbjeglice; migranti; Europska unija; makropokretači migracija
• Keywords (english): humanitarian crisis; refugees; migrants; European union; macro-inititiators of migration
• Language: croatian
• Publication type: Scientific paper - Original scientific paper
• Publication status: Published
• Peer review: Peer review
• Publication version: Published version
• Publication title: Dani kriznog upravljanja (Crisis Management Days) : Zbornik radova (Book of Papers)
• Numbering: pp. 667-673
• ISBN: 978-953-7716-74-5
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:131:588120
• Publication: 2016
• Conference: Title: 9. međunarodna znanstveno-stručna konferencija Dani stručnog upravljanja; Title: 9th International Scientific Conference Crisis Management days; Location: split, Croatia; Organizer: Veleučilište Velika Gorica; Start date: 2016-04-12; End date: 2016-04-13; Assembly type: Lecture
• Document URL: https://dku.hr/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/DKU_zbornik_radova_2016.pdf
• Type of resource: Text
• Publisher: Veleučilište Velika Gorica
• Publishing place: Velika Gorica
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-09-11 12:06:48